Cinematographic picture with stereoscopic and color values



April 20, 1926. t 1,581,834

L BCNJIN CINEMATOGRAPHIC PICTURE WITH STEREOSCOPIC AND COLOR VALUES Filed Jan. 26, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 I n n n n n HVR n.n n n n n nin n n H n n DIH n n n n ny lULI'LIUULIULIUIJIULILILIUUUU'UUUUUUUU'U fw M April 20, 1926. 1,581,834

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CINEMATOGRAPHIG PICTURE WITH STEREOSCOPIC AND. COLOR VALUES Filed Jan. 26, 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet` 2 ,UULUUUIULIUULILIUUILILILIUUUUUIULIUUUUf April .20 ,3925.

C. BOUIN CINEMATOGRAPHIC PICTURE WITH STEREOSGOPIC AND COLOR VALUES Fil-ed Jan. 26, 1922 fig/J- 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Apr. 20, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFLCE.

CHARLES BOUIN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

CINEMATOGRAPHIC PICTURE WITH STEREOSCOPIC AND COLOR VALUES.

Application led January 26, 1922. Serial No. 531,936.

To (/7/ fic/wifi. it may concer-7i:

,e it known that I, CHARLES Boum, a citizen ol? the United States, residing at Boston, in the county ot' Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usei'ul lmln'ovements in Cinematographic Pictures with Stereoscopic and Color Values, of which the following is a specification.

This invention involves the arts of stereoscopic, motion picture and color photography, the three being combined, and with other features to be mentioned, constitutes an improvement of such combination. .The invention relates more particularly to a standard size motion picture film upon which are photographed images of scenes or objects, such images having stereoscopic and color values or qualities; one or more images of scenes or objects being contained within a space area of one inch by 1% inch, which is the standard space area ordinarily consumed for one image of scene or object in the present day moving picture film; each pair of stereoscopic left and right angle images upon negative or positive moving picture film, being equal to or greater in distance from each other than the normal binocular distance and also having primary color values. F urtherobjects and advantages ot the present invention will be pointed out in the hereinafter following description ot one embodiment hereof, or will be obvious to those skilled in the mentioned arts.

Figure l is a fragmentary plan View of a moving picture film strip showing in normal size right and left stereoscopic pairs of images and their color values.

Figure 2 is a similar view showing a modiication of the arrangement of two images occupying the normal single image space.

Figure 3 is a like view Showing another modification of the disposition of four images in a single normal image space, the normal binocular distance of stereoscopic pairs being preserved.

Figure 4 is another fragmentary view of another modification of the film strip illustrating the arrangement ot eight images in the norma] single image space.

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 2. further modified by the position ot marginal edge markings of the stereoscopic pairs of images.

Figure 6 is a like view showing a modification of the form illustrated in Figure 3 adoptingthe edge markings of the same.

Figure i is a diagrammatic illustration ot the relation of images spaced a binocular distance apart and with relation to the eyes, and

Figure 8 illustrates diagrammatically the relation of pairs ot images photographed from equi-distant. points but from different angles of direction.

efore describing the present invention in detail, it will be advantageous to refer to Fig.A 7, which will better enable us to understand the followingz* For the sake of explanation of the principle involved here, let it be understood that the normal distance of the two eyes from each other is 21/2 inches; and, regardless of position of the head, the 'direction of the'two eyes in relation to each other is always a horizontal direction. Now, this horizontal distance of 21/2 inches would represent the horizontal differences in the two images which are presented tothe retina of each eye, upon looking at an actual view with both eyes. This would be the normal amount of binocular differences innormal vision, such a condition would represent binocular or stereoscopic differences 100%. etticient. .In normal vision, regardless of the position of head, when looking at a natural scene, the binocular. differences are at all times presented t0 the retinae in. a horizontal direction of the two eyes, which corresponds to the horizontal direction ofthe two eyes in relation to each other. In other words. when we look at a natural or original scene or object, the only stereoscopic differences that the retinae are presented or impressed with, are the differences which are in the direction ot the relation of the two eyes with each other, and such is necessarily soJ simply because it so happens to be the position of the eyes, and in virtue of such being the case, regardless of position of the head, binocular differences in the images which are impressed upon the retinae are always 100% eflicient.

But such a condition as that just lnoted is not met with when we look at two stereoseopic photographs; the reason being that the only stereoscopic or binocular. differences in the two pictures or images are in one direction only and that direction of differences being corresponding to the relation of direction of the two positions et exposures during the time of photographing. Such directions of differences in two photographic images remaining unchanged regardless of the position that siich photographic images may be placed in.

Referring to Fig. 7, A and A or thehorizontal line as indicated by 100 and100 represents a true horizontal direction'of" the eyes in relation to eachother; the points C Y and C represents the normal distance of the two eyes, two images which have been photographed from twofsuch distances as indicated by points D andy D and presented to the eyes in upright position, we would have the 100% stereoscopic diii'erences. presented to the' retinae in such a manner that approximately 88% of such stereoscopic differences would be in horizontal alinement, or in other words, the 100% eiii'ciency stereoscopic differences would be decreased ap'-l proximately 12%.

Should the horizontal distance of D to D be increased, so would the stereoscopic or angle dilie'rences `in `the images become exaggerated or enhanced accordingly, and this enhancement is ymadev use of in order toovercome the decreased amount of stereoscopic dilerences in the horizontal direction'of line 100 to 100. The mind being unable `to perceive 100% otrelief forthe reasonthat stereoscopic diii'er- Aences which are'presented tothe retinae are approximately only 88% in they direction of the horizontal relation of the two eyes, when vertical or uprightdirection of images are maintained. The two images photographed from two different points as indicated in Fig. 7 by points D and D wouldrepresent 100% efficient stereoscopic differences in such a direction withadecrease ofapproximately 12% from the horizontal direction as :indicated by a comparison ofthe lines A to A and D to D. Now if two such images were brought in alinement maintaining their height and width in their original directions, we would still have stereoscopic diilerences varying from the true horizontal direction I of the two eyes to the amount vof approximately 12%. So, then, the qualities required for the perception of space etc., will be decreased 12%, leaving us with approximately Vheight of images, the angle direction approaches nearer to the horizontal direction of line `100 to 100, thereby decreasingthe amount of 12% deficient; increasing the'distance of the right and vleft exposure to theamount of 12% beyond the normal vdistance of the two eyes would giveus 12% enhancement, thereby giving us perception of relief,

space, etc., more than 88% efficient, or aplookingA at `an actual scene. with the-eyes in` position as indicated by the two points marked 1005and 100', the images up- -on they retinac are100% binocular differences iny this direction-now if two pictures are photographed romntwo points ofthe same distance, .but from adilerent angle direction, such as the direction as indicated iny Fig. 7,`b'y'theline D to D', maintaining the upright position of-such two pictures when broughtinto alinement in'thehorizontal `direction of lineA and A in Fig.17 or the upper line of Fig. 8, the stereoscopic dilerenceswould-be decreased approximately 12% .inf-the horizontal direction.. v

S0, themathe points of distance-'and stereoscopic differences ma berepresented as in the lower horizontal line ofFigQS. The two points-D and D inFig. 7 ,'beingrepresented by the twopoints marked 88 and 88 in lower line ofv Fig. 8. By increasing the distanee of the two points -D and D in Fig. 7, to'y an lamount equal to the percentage of decreased diierencesfs'uch'two points would be equal in distancefto the two points asfindicated by and 100y in lower line'of Fig. 8. Here we woudget 88% stereoscopic differences, plus 12% enchancement of such stereoscopic dilerences. l l

In this invention it is by such means as above stated that stereoscopic differences ofv left and right imagesareobtained upon the moving picture film, especially when the two points `from which the images are photographed or theimages upon said film arey not inA a true horizontal -direction in ,relation to each other.

Further objects of this inventionbeing tol combine with the already .mentioned stereoscopic ima-ges, color values of such images which run in rotation, the color values being of .either-two or three. primary colors. l

In the different negative and positive moving picture'iilmswhich are representar tive of stereoscopic and color values-as in?? dicated by Figs. 1, 2, 8, 4, 5, and 6, the 'ex'- posures for such images may be made in-` termittently orv stereoscopic pairs may be made at the'same timeofi/exposure.` The relation of positionf of left and V'right pairs of images properly'belonging to keach othery on lm asindicated by corresponding numbers beingaztrue representation of 'the direction of' stereoscopic differences, and also representing the distance of stereoscopic pairs from which they were photographed; such twopdifi'erent points, positions or horizontal distances in space corresponding to or being greater than (binocular distances; the space area of one inch by inch containing either one, two, four, eight, or any even number of pictures or images, such images representing primary color values. rIhe images representative of stereoscopic and color values being photographed upon a standard size film. The imagesv of stereoscopic qualities being photographed through color screens for color values. All images of scenes or objects beingon one and the same side of film.

l The moving picture negative 'or positive film representative of stereoscopic'and color values as indicated by Fig. l has one image of scene or object within the space area of l inch by in. The right andleft angle I .images properly belonging to each other being in alinement across'length of film horizontally and being separated by two spaces of 1' inch by inch each, each space being jai inch horizontally. Each right and left angle images properly belonging to each other being representative of different primary color values, which, in the positive film is not Colored, dyed, or mordanted, for the purpose of projection with the aid of color screens; when color screens are not used in projection, such images upon positive film are either colored, dyed, or mordanted according and corresponding to the color values which each imagerepresents. The.

vtwo images (right and left stereoscopic images) representing the two different angle points of direction from which the images of scenes or objects are photographed. The right and left images representing two different primary color values, ofscenes or objects. The images properly belonging to each other and also representing different primary color values, being in rotation and 'separated by two spaces of 3/4 inch each horizontally as indicated in Fig. l, by corresponding numbers, and, the differentiation of the, right and left angle images by L and R respectively. Each image has four perforated holes on the edge of film and outside of image; the perforated holes being of standard size, shape and distance from each other; in each image and stereoscopic and color valves are photographed at one and the. same time; the left angle images have marks of identification on lower edge of film and right angle images have marks of identification on upper edge of film.

The moving picture negative or positive film as indicated in Fig. 2, has two images of scene or object within or occupying a space area of one inch by 1% inch; the right andleft angle images or stereoscopic pairs tion to each otheras indicated properly belonging' to eachother are separated by two or more spaces of one inch by 3/4 inch; each space being 1% inch horizontally. Corresponding pairs of stereoscopic images beingin position and relaby corresponding numbers in Fig. 2.

In alll the different styles of film as indicated byFigs. l to all right'and left stereoscopic pairs of* images, as indicated by corresponding numbers, are representative of different primary color values, which, in the positive filmare not colored, dyed or mordanted when the projection of` such images is accomplished with the aid of color screens; when `color` screens areV not employed inprojectionof said images, the imsoV ages upon positive film -are either colored,

dyed or mordanted, accordingand correspending to the color valuev which each image represents.

In the styles ofv film as indicated by Fig. l and Fig. 2,. all images representing those photographed from one angle point or'position are below horizontal centre of film and in direction of length of film and all images represent-ing those photographed from another angle point or position, are 4above horizontal centre of film, and in direction Yof length of film, as indicated by numbers in rotation.

In all the different styles of film mentioned in this invention, the position on film of the right and left pairs of stereoscopic images represent the two different'angle points of position, direction and distance from which such images are photographed. In Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, every. three right angle images in rotation represent three different primary color values, one primary color value to each one of these three images, each one of the three images being possessed each of a different primary color value of scene or object and likewise with the left angle images. i Y

In Figs.` l, 2, and 5, each image has four perforated holes on edge of film and outside of image; in Figs. 3, 4, and 6, each image has two perforated holes on edge of film and outside of image. `The perforated holes on edges of film being of standard size, shape and distance from each other. All images being on one side only of film.

IirFig. 1, only one image of scene or object occupies thc space area of one inch by 374 inch; in Figs. 2 and 5, two images of scene or object occupy a space area of one inch by 3/4: inch; in Figs. 3, and 6, four images of scene or object occupy a space area of one inch by 5% inch; in Fig. 4, eight images of scene or object occupy a space area of one inch by 3/4 inch.

Then more than one image of scene or object are contained within the same spacel area of one inch by @i inch, such two or more ima es Within the same space area of one inch )y 5%: are not stereoscopic pairs properly belonging to each other; the right and left stereoscopic pairs of images properly belonging to each other being' located in different space areas of one inch b v 34 inch.

lIn all the ditl'erent st vles of film mentioned the right and left angle or stereoscopic pairs have a distance of separation which is equal to or more than the normal distance of the. two eyes in relation to each other.

I do not conline myself to the particular Style of film or position of images here shown7 but various other changes and modifications, Within the skill ot' those versed in the art, may be made in the different styles of film images and )ositions ot such images shown and describe herein, Without departing from the spirit ot my invention provided the principle set forth in the following claims be employed.

Having thus described my invention, I claimz 1. A motion picture film comprising a body portion having photographed thereon stereescopically images of scenes and the like contained Within the standard space area, each stereoscopic pair of left and right angle images having respective distinguishing natural color values and being spaced apart a distance greater than the normal binocular distance and having stereoscopic dill'erenccs laterally greater than normal,

9,. A motion picture lilm comprising a body having photographed stereoscopically therein images o't scenes and the like with suoli photographs spaced a distance apart greater than the normal binocular distance an(l haring the combined area of the standard sized motion picture plmtograph and having stereoscopic distances laterally greater than normal. said images of scenes and the like having distinguishing primary color values with respect to the right and lett angle images.

This specification signed this 19th day of January, 1922.

CHARLES BOUIN. 

